BioMedical Admissions Test (BMAT) 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

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How do the melting and boiling points of Group VII elements change down the group?

They decrease

They stay the same

They increase

The melting and boiling points of Group VII elements, also known as the halogens, increase as you move down the group from fluorine to iodine and further to astatine. This trend can be attributed to the increasing atomic size and molecular mass of the halogens down the group. As the atomic number increases, the number of electrons also increases, leading to larger electron clouds.

With larger electron clouds, the elements exhibit greater London dispersion forces, which are the weak intermolecular forces that become more noticeable with increased size and mass. Consequently, more energy is required to overcome these forces, resulting in higher melting and boiling points for the heavier halogens compared to the lighter ones. This trend is consistent throughout the group and illustrates the relationship between molecular size, intermolecular forces, and physical properties such as melting and boiling points.

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They become irregular

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