BioMedical Admissions Test (BMAT) 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

Glucagon is the hormone that increases blood glucose levels. It is produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas and plays a crucial role in maintaining blood sugar levels, especially during fasting or periods of low glucose availability. When blood glucose levels drop, glucagon is released into the bloodstream, stimulating the liver to convert glycogen (a stored form of glucose) back into glucose and releasing it into the bloodstream. This process is known as glycogenolysis. Additionally, glucagon promotes gluconeogenesis, which is the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.

In contrast, insulin, which is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas, lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells and promoting the storage of excess glucose as glycogen in the liver and muscle tissues. Testosterone and ADH (antidiuretic hormone) do not have a direct role in increasing blood glucose levels; rather, they are involved in other functions, such as growth and metabolism (testosterone) and water balance (ADH).